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1.
Chinese Journal of Experimental Traditional Medical Formulae ; (24): 219-225, 2023.
Article in Chinese | WPRIM | ID: wpr-975175

ABSTRACT

With the acceleration of social rhythm, the progress of science and technology, and the increase of the number of phubbers, the incidence of cervical degenerative diseases is also increasing year by year. Cervical spondylotic radiculopathy(CSR), as one of the diseases induced by cervical degeneration, has seriously affected people's quality of life and physical and mental health. Traditional Chinese medicine(TCM) is effective in the treatment of CSR, but the theoretical and basic experimental evidence is not sufficient, and the current formulation standard of animal model is not unified. Therefore, based on the clinical guidelines of Chinese and Western medicine for CSR and the characteristics of the disease and syndrome, the author systematically summarized and analyzed the existing animal models, and found that the existing models of microvascular clamp nerve root compression method had a poor agreement with the the Chinese and Western medical guidelines, while the modeling methods of spinal canal insertion, autologous bone insertion compression, stainless steel column compression, and fixed frame cervical degeneration reflected a high degree of agreement in the Western medical guidelines. However, the Chinese medical diagnostic criteria were poorly matched. This indicates that the existing animal models of this disease show few TCM syndrome elements, and lack information collection and evaluation in animal behavioral evaluation similar to the four diagnoses of TCM. In conclusion, this paper aims to systematically evaluate the current status of animal model establishment of CSR based on the concept of combination of disease and syndrome, so as to provide a theoretical basis for the model establishment of CSR that is more consistent with clinical characteristics and symptoms of Chinese and Western medicine.

2.
Chinese Journal of Experimental Traditional Medical Formulae ; (24): 111-119, 2023.
Article in Chinese | WPRIM | ID: wpr-961690

ABSTRACT

ObjectiveTo investigate the distribution of vascular cognitive impairment (VCI) with kidney Yang deficiency syndrome and explore the biological nature of VCI with kidney Yang deficiency syndrome from the perspective of DNA methylation under the combination of disease and syndrome, so as to provide an epigenetic target for traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) treatment of this disease with this syndrome in the future. MethodCommunity residents in Beijing were screened out for cognitive impairment from September 2020 to November 2022 through the scale, and VCI patients were analyzed for the syndrome. VCI patients with kidney Yang deficiency syndrome and healthy people were enrolled in this study. Peripheral venous blood was collected and subjected to genome-wide DNA methylation detection by Illumina Human Methylation 850K BeadChip. Then, differentially methylated genes (DMGs) were screened out for bioinformatics analysis. ResultA total of 1 902 people were investigated in this study, and 201 of them had VCI, accounting for 10.57%, including 72.14% with kidney Yang deficiency syndrome. The methylation results showed that compared with the normal group, the VCI group had 386 differential methylation sites, and 136 DMGs were annotated. The Kyoto Encyclopedia of Gene and Genomes(KEGG) signaling pathway enrichment analysis showed that the DMGs between the two groups were mainly involved in mammalian target of rapamycin(mTOR) signaling pathway, Estrogen signaling pathway, cyclic adenosine monophosphate(cAMP) signaling pathway, etc. Protein-protein interaction (PPI) analysis showed that DMGs, such as epidermal growth factor receptor(EGFR), epidermal growth factor (EGF), and signal transducer and activator of transcription 3(STAT3), played important roles in the network. ConclusionKidney Yang deficiency is the main syndrome in VCI patients. DMGs including EGFR, EGF, and STAT3 and the related pathways such as mTOR signaling pathway, Estrogen signaling pathway, and cAMP signaling pathway may play a vital role in the occurrence and development of VCI with kidney Yang deficiency syndrome.

3.
Journal of Traditional Chinese Medicine ; (12): 1975-1980, 2023.
Article in Chinese | WPRIM | ID: wpr-988802

ABSTRACT

Establishing an efficacy evaluation system that conforms to the laws of traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) is one of the keys in the development of TCM. With certain progress in recent years, however, the clinical efficacy evaluation systems or consensus that has been formed are not widely adopted. The main reason is the lack of objectification and standardization of efficacy evaluation, and additionally fixed efficacy evaluation system cannot meet the needs of different clinical research purposes. This paper initially analyzed the development status of clinical efficacy evaluation of heart failure (HF), and then discussed the specific methods, advantages and difficulties in constructing a TCM clinical efficacy evaluation system for HF using the 1+N model, guided by the idea of combining traditional Chinese and western medicine, disease and syndrome, and based on the shared reported clinical outcomes by doctors and patients. Establishing an efficacy evaluation system that combines disease and syndrome can build a bridge to connect TCM with western medicine; the shared reported clinical outcomes by doctors and patients can reflect the people-centered concept and holism concept in TCM; the 1+N efficacy evaluation model can meet the general clinical research need by constructing one core outcome set (“1”), and can match different research purposes by adding numbers of other outcomes (“N”). One difficulty in constructing the TCM efficacy evaluation system for HF is to unify the differentiation standard for TCM syndromes of HF and the standardization to diagnose HF firstly, and then distinguish between syndrome efficacy standards and syndrome diagnostic standards. By constructing a 1+N model-based efficacy evaluation system for HF that not only conforms to the characteristics of TCM itself but also embodies the evidence-based medicine concept in western medicine, it is expected to provide ideas for evaluating clinical efficacy of TCM.

4.
Journal of Traditional Chinese Medicine ; (12): 1964-1968, 2023.
Article in Chinese | WPRIM | ID: wpr-988800

ABSTRACT

This paper summarized the clinical experience of XU Fengqin in the treatment of hypertension in the elderly. It is believed that the basic pathogenesis of hypertension in the elderly is liver and kidney depletion, and the key is ascendant hyperactivity of liver yang and spleen failing to transport. Therefore, the theory of “combination of disease and symptoms” is put forward that the four common clinical symptoms of hypertension in the elderly, including morning hypertension, non-dipper hypertension with abnormal circadian rhythm, postprandial hypotension and orthostatic hypotension, should be differentiated and treated with prescription in accordance with the characteristics of the corresponding pathogenesis. Specifically, the pathogenesis of morning hypertension is mainly liver-kidney yin deficiency and ascendant hyperactivity of liver yang, for which the treatment method of enriching liver and boosting kidney, calming the liver and subduing yang is suggested, and Qingxuan Jiangya Decoction (清眩降压汤) in modifications can be used. For non-dipper hypertension with abnormal circadian rhythm, the pathogenesis is mainly phlegm-dampness obstruction and clear yang failing to ascend, and treatment method should be dissolving phlegm and dispelling dampness, calming the liver and extinguishing wind, with Banxia Baizhu Tianma Decoction and Modified Honglong Xiahai Decoction (半夏白术天麻汤合加味红龙夏海汤) in its modifications. Regarding postprandial hypotension and orthostatic hypotension, the pathogenesis is mainly spleen-stomach depletion and clear yang failing to ascend, and thus the method of supplementing the center and boosting qi, raising yang and lifting the sunken is advised with Buzhong Yiqi Decoction (补中益气汤) or Yiqi Congming Decoction (益气聪明汤) in the modifications.

5.
Journal of Traditional Chinese Medicine ; (12): 1872-1876, 2023.
Article in Chinese | WPRIM | ID: wpr-987272

ABSTRACT

This paper summarized the current status of the commonly used quality of life assessment scales of bronchiectasis (BE) at home and abroad, and compared the characteristics and differences of each scale from the basic framework, domain, item pool, application status and quality assessment, so as to provide a basis for the development and application of scales based on the mode of combination of disease and syndrome. There are currently 12 assessment tools for evaluating the quality of life in BE with good reliability, validity, and responsiveness, but only quality of life - bronchiectasis (QOL-B) and bronchiectasis health questionnaire (BHQ) are specifically developed for BE patients. The development process of these scales is mostly rooted in western culture and modern medicine, making it difficult to highlight the characteristics and advantages of traditional Chinese medicine (TCM). The content of the scales lacks the outcome indicators that BE patients are most concerned about, and cannot fully reflect the subjective feelings of patients. The development and assessment of scales lacks clinical research data and methodological support. Under the guidance of TCM syndrome differentiation and treatment, the development of scales based on the mode of combination of disease and syndrome can emerge the characteristics of TCM, reflect the true feelings of patients, and make up for the limitations of the existing scales of BE. Therefore, based on domestic and international scales, factors of China's national conditions and cultural characteristics of TCM should be considered to develop the scale suitable for Chinese people, which requires the construction of a theoretical model for the combination of disease and syndrome, by taking patients as the center and evaluating the performance and quality of the scale.

6.
Chinese Journal of Experimental Traditional Medical Formulae ; (24): 234-242, 2023.
Article in Chinese | WPRIM | ID: wpr-965668

ABSTRACT

Chronic fatigue syndrome (CFS) is a heterogeneous disease with dysfunction in multiple systems and multiple organs. Its etiology and pathogenesis have not been fully clarified, and its treatment also lacks specificity. The key to studying CFS is developing animal models that reflect the underlying mechanisms and etiology of CFS. The existing CFS modeling methods are complicated and not unified. By sorting out relevant literature,the present study evaluated the modeling methods,modeling standards,mechanisms, and clinical coincidence of the immune model,the stress model, and the disease-syndrome combination model in traditional Chinese medicine (TCM). The immune model is mainly constructed from the perspective of pathophysiology, with easy operation and wide investigation, which can simulate the pathological characteristics of CFS to ensure pathogenesis research,but the experimental repeatability is general. Stress modeling is a common method for a variety of neuropsychiatric diseases,including CFS. Many different stressors can be employed to investigate the etiology of CFS, but their effects are unpredictable. Compared with the two western medicine models mentioned above,the TCM disease-syndrome combination model integrates modern medicine with TCM theory,with high clinical coincidence and great practical value. However,the TCM disease-syndrome combination model of CFS is still in the exploratory stage with a few types of models,which needs to be further improved, aiming to establish scientific,reasonable,simple, and efficient animal models to provide support for exploring the etiology,pathogenesis, and new treatment ideas of CFS.

7.
China Journal of Chinese Materia Medica ; (24): 2625-2629, 2023.
Article in Chinese | WPRIM | ID: wpr-981366

ABSTRACT

The relationship between disease and syndrome is a research focus in integrated traditional Chinese and western medicine. Depending on the focus, the disease-syndrome combination for treatment is manifested as the different treatment methods for the same disease and the same treatment method for different diseases based on the syndrome, and different treatment methods for the same syndrome and the same treatment method for different syndromes based on the disease. The mainstream model is the combination of di-sease identification in modern medicine with syndrome identification and core pathogenesis in traditional Chinese medicine. However, current research on the combination of disease and syndrome and core pathogenesis tends to focus on the heterogeneity between disease and syndrome and the separation of syndrome and treatment. Therefore, the study proposed the research idea and model of core formulas-syndromes(CFS). According to the theory of formula-syndrome correspondence, the research idea of CFS deepens the research on core pathogenesis, which aims to summarize the core formulas and syndromes for diseases. The research fields include diagnostic criteria for the indications of formulas, distribution patterns of formulas and syndromes for diseases, the evolution of medicinal-syndrome based on formulas-syndromes, formula combination law based on formulas-syndromes, and the dynamic evolution of formulas-syndromes. Through the summary of ancient classics, clinical experience, and medical records, and with the methods of expert consultation, factor analysis, and clustering analysis, research on the diagnostic criteria for the indications of formulas aims to explore the diagnosis information such as the diseases, symptoms, signs, and pathophysiology. The research on the distribution patterns of formulas and syndromes for diseases tends to summarize the specific types of formulas and syndromes for the diseases through literature research and clinical cross-sectional studies based on the establishment of diagnostic criteria for the indications of formulas. The research on the evolution of medicinal-syndrome aims to clarify the medicinal-syndrome law through literature and clinical research. The formula combination law refers to the fact that the core prescriptions for a disease often appear in combination with other prescriptions on a regular basis. The dynamic evolution of formulas-syndromes refers to the continuous transformation and change of formulas and syndromes in the process of disease development with changes in time and space. The CFS is conducive to the unification of disease, syndrome and treatment and to the deepening of the research model of disease and syndrome integration.


Subject(s)
Humans , Drugs, Chinese Herbal/therapeutic use , Syndrome , Cross-Sectional Studies , Medicine, Chinese Traditional , Prescriptions
8.
Acta Pharmaceutica Sinica ; (12): 2434-2441, 2023.
Article in Chinese | WPRIM | ID: wpr-999139

ABSTRACT

Blood stasis syndrome is one of the core clinical syndrome of rheumatoid arthritis (RA), but the biological connotation of this syndrome is not clear, and there is a lack of disease improved animal models that match the characteristics of this disease and syndrome. The aim of this study was to screen the candidate biomarker gene set of blood stasis syndrome of RA, reveal the biological connotation of this syndrome, and explore and evaluate the preparation method of the improved animal model based on the characteristics of "disease-syndrome-symptom". The study was approved by the ethics committee of Guang'anmen Hospital, Chinese Academy of Traditional Chinese Medicine (No. 2019-073-KY-01) and the First Affiliated Hospital of Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine (No. TYLL2021[K]018), and the study subjects gave their informed consent. Animal welfare and experimental procedures followed the regulations of the Experimental Animal Ethics Committee of the Chinese Academy of Traditional Chinese Medicine (No. IBTCMCACMS21-2207-01). The whole blood samples were collected clinically from RA patients with blood stasis syndrome (3 cases) or other syndromes (7 types, 3 cases/type), and healthy volunteers (4 cases), and then transcriptome sequencing, KEGG, gene set enrichment analysis (GSEA) and weighted correlation network analysis (WGCNA) analysis were performed. 126 pivotal genes were screened, and their functional annotation results were significantly enriched in "immune-inflammation" related pathways and lipid metabolism regulation (sphingolipids, ether lipid metabolism and steroid biosynthesis). Syndrome-symptom mapping of hub gene set to the TCM primary and secondary symptoms, Western phenotypic symptoms and pathological links showed that joint tingling, abnormal joint morphology, petechiae and abnormal blood circulation are representative of blood stasis syndrome of RA. The results of the improved animal model showed that the rats in the collagen-induced arthritis + adrenaline hydrochloride (CIA+Adr) 3 model group had increased blood rheology, coagulation, platelet function and endothelial function abnormalities compared with the CIA-alone model group, suggesting that the rats with blood stasis syndrome of RA may be in a state of "blood stasis". The results of the study can help to advance the objective study of the evidence of blood stasis syndrome in RA, and provide new ideas for the establishment of an animal model that reflects the clinical characteristics of the disease and syndrome.

9.
Chinese Journal of Experimental Traditional Medical Formulae ; (24): 207-215, 2022.
Article in Chinese | WPRIM | ID: wpr-940814

ABSTRACT

Ulcerative colitis (UC) is one of the main manifestations of inflammatory bowel disease. Because of its lingering and refractory nature, it has become a major public health challenge worldwide. In the treatment of UC, traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) effectively relieves clinical syndromes, shortens the treatment period, reduces the frequency of recurrence, improves the quality of life, and reduces the occurrence of complications. To study the specific mechanism of TCM in the treatment of UC and screen out suitable drugs under the guidance of syndrome differentiation, the suitable UC animal model in the combination of disease and syndrome is used as an important method. This paper summarized and compared the UC animal model in the combination of disease and syndrome from five aspects, including selection of model animal species, sexual selection, preparation methods of UC animal model in the combination of disease and syndrome, indicators of model evaluation, and the main mechanism of TCM intervention in UC animal model in the combination of disease and syndrome. This paper aimed to provide references for the establishment of the optimal UC animal model in the combination of disease and syndrome. Research shows that UC syndrome mainly studied at present includes damp-heat syndrome, spleen deficiency syndrome, spleen-kidney Yang deficiency syndrome, spleen deficiency and dampness accumulation syndrome, liver depression and spleen deficiency syndrome, and cold-heat mixed syndrome.In the modeling method, the etiology simulation method is mainly used to first copy the syndrome type before the chemical agents or immune preparations were used to induce the disease model,and rats were often selected as the research objects,and the replication cycle was 7 to 28 days.The selected chemical reagents were mainly 5% dextran sulfate sodium(DSS) free drink, 2,4,6-trinitrobenzenesulfonic acid(TNBS) 100 mg·kg-1 and 50% ethanol 0.25 mL mixed reagent enema.This model replication method can take into account both UC pathogenesis characteristics of pathology of western medicine and TCM, syndrome type of traditional Chinese medicine and western medicine for interpretation pathological changes and TCM treatment of UC associated mechanism is of great significance, and help to help toestablish the optimal condition in combination with UC animal models for reference, for further research on prevention and treatment of UC specific mechanism of action of TCM model basis.

10.
Chinese Journal of Experimental Traditional Medical Formulae ; (24): 234-240, 2022.
Article in Chinese | WPRIM | ID: wpr-940310

ABSTRACT

In recent years, with the changes of people's life rhythm and living environment, the incidence of gastric ulcer has shown an increasing trend year by year, and the affected population has become younger and younger. In order to further explore the pathogenesis of gastric ulcer and its diagnosis and treatment methods, a variety of animal models of gastric ulcer have been established clinically, such as stress type, chemical factor type, pyloric ligation type, helicobacter infection type and disease-syndrome combination type. The authors intend to summarize the modeling methods and advantages and disadvantages of existing models on the basis of reviewing the etiology, pathogenesis and diagnostic criteria of gastric ulcers. It was found that the non-injurious stress method (restraint stress, restraint immersion stress and restraint freezing stress, etc.)+traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) syndrome modeling, acetic acid gavage method+TCM syndrome modeling were ideal choices for replicating animal models of acute and chronic gastric ulcer. At the same time, the analysis of the coincidence degree between each gastric ulcer model and the clinical disease characteristics of Chinese and western medicine showed that the coincidence degree of western medicine diagnostic criteria was higher than that of TCM diagnostic criteria. The successful judgment of the model was also based on western medicine diagnosis. In short, the model is insufficient in depth and breadth. It only detects a few core indicators and main indicators, ignoring the impact of secondary indicators on the diagnosis of the disease. There is also a big gap between the disease-syndrome combination model and the TCM clinical syndromes of this disease. Therefore, the depth and width of the model evaluation criteria should be strengthened, and the evaluation system of the disease-symptom combination model should be improved, in order to provide a more accurate reference for the replication of gastric ulcer models, and to replicate animal models of gastric ulcer with high coincidence degree of Chinese and western medicine for research purposes.

11.
Chinese Journal of Experimental Traditional Medical Formulae ; (24): 258-266, 2022.
Article in Chinese | WPRIM | ID: wpr-940198

ABSTRACT

Reflux esophagitis (liver-stomach disharmony, Spittoon-Qi interties, Qi and blood stasis syndrome, turbid poison intrinsic) and nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (liver depression, spleen deficiency, phlegm and blood stasis syndrome, hot and humid embodiment, phlegmy wet resistance) and functional dyspepsia (liver depression syndrome, liver stomach with spleen deficient, spleen deficiency cold syndrome, in a word, fever) is a common disease and frequently encountered disease of digestive system. The course of disease is prolonged and the prevalence is high. The successful establishment of animal model combining disease and syndrome is the premise of exploring the mechanism of traditional Chinese medicine(TCM) effect and the foundation of the development of new preparations. At the same time, mastering the complex relationship network among disease, syndrome and prescription is the prerequisite of effective treatment. When the same syndrome occurs between different diseases, the concept of "treating different diseases with the same treatment" in TCM suggests that methods can be cross-referenced for the shortage of some syndrome models. TCM intervention of digestive diseases has the characteristics of multi-path, multi-target, multi-dimension and multi-level. Therefore, this article through the literature review, summarizes the reflux esophagitis, nonalcoholic fatty liver disease and functional dyspepsia is a common disease such as the combined operation method of the model and the intervention mechanism of TCM, so as to diseases of the digestive system of different syndrome types provides the theory basis for the objective of research, and the basic research of TCM prescription and achievements provide methodological guidance.

12.
Chinese Journal of Experimental Traditional Medical Formulae ; (24): 258-266, 2022.
Article in Chinese | WPRIM | ID: wpr-940166

ABSTRACT

Reflux esophagitis (liver-stomach disharmony, Spittoon-Qi interties, Qi and blood stasis syndrome, turbid poison intrinsic) and nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (liver depression, spleen deficiency, phlegm and blood stasis syndrome, hot and humid embodiment, phlegmy wet resistance) and functional dyspepsia (liver depression syndrome, liver stomach with spleen deficient, spleen deficiency cold syndrome, in a word, fever) is a common disease and frequently encountered disease of digestive system. The course of disease is prolonged and the prevalence is high. The successful establishment of animal model combining disease and syndrome is the premise of exploring the mechanism of traditional Chinese medicine(TCM) effect and the foundation of the development of new preparations. At the same time, mastering the complex relationship network among disease, syndrome and prescription is the prerequisite of effective treatment. When the same syndrome occurs between different diseases, the concept of "treating different diseases with the same treatment" in TCM suggests that methods can be cross-referenced for the shortage of some syndrome models. TCM intervention of digestive diseases has the characteristics of multi-path, multi-target, multi-dimension and multi-level. Therefore, this article through the literature review, summarizes the reflux esophagitis, nonalcoholic fatty liver disease and functional dyspepsia is a common disease such as the combined operation method of the model and the intervention mechanism of TCM, so as to diseases of the digestive system of different syndrome types provides the theory basis for the objective of research, and the basic research of TCM prescription and achievements provide methodological guidance.

13.
China Journal of Chinese Materia Medica ; (24): 1694-1699, 2022.
Article in Chinese | WPRIM | ID: wpr-928100

ABSTRACT

This paper discussed the guiding significance of "disease-syndrome-symptom" mode in FU Qing-zhu's Obstetrics and Gynecology(FU Qing-zhu Nyu Ke) for dealing with ovulation disorder infertility caused by hyperprolactinemia(HPRL). FU Qing-zhu's Obstetrics and Gynecology(FU Qing-zhu Nyu Ke) concentrates on the disease entities, main symptoms, pathogenesis, and syndrome differentiation, based on which the prescriptions are prescribed. This reflects the "disease-syndrome-symptom" mode, with the core lying in the "combination of disease with syndrome". The contained Discussion on Menstruation Regulation(Tiao Jing Pian) and Discussion on Getting Pregnant(Zhong Zi Pian) have important reference significance for later doctors in the diagnosis and treatment of inferti-lity, and many prescriptions are still in use due to good effects. It is believed in traditional Chinese medicine(TCM) that HPRL results from kidney deficiency and liver depression, among which kidney deficiency is the main cause. Liver depression accelerates the onset of HPRL, so the kidney-tonifying and liver-soothing herbs were mainly selected. The "disease-syndrome-symptom" mode in FU Qing-zhu's Obstetrics and Gynecology(FU Qing-zhu Nyu Ke) sheds enlightenment on the diagnosis and treatment of ovulation infertility caused by HPRL, in that it is not confined to disease entity and syndrome type. The integration of "disease-syndrome-symptom" highlights the main complaint of patients and emphasizes the main pathogenesis, thus giving full play to the overall advantage of syndrome differentiation. For multiple diseases in FU Qing-zhu's Obstetrics and Gynecology(FU Qing-zhu Nyu Ke) such as infertility due to liver depression, infertility due to obesity, delayed menstruation, and irregular menstruation, although the typical lactation symptom of HPRL is not mentioned, the medication can still be determined according to the chief complaint, syndrome type, and symptoms and signs, making up for the defects of excessive reliance on serum biochemical indicators in modern Chinese medicine. We should learn its diagnosis and treatment thoughts of paying attention to liver, spleen, kidney, and heart, holism, and strengthening body resistance to eliminate pathogenic factors.


Subject(s)
Female , Humans , Pregnancy , Gynecology , Hyperprolactinemia/drug therapy , Infertility , Obstetrics , Ovulation
14.
China Journal of Chinese Materia Medica ; (24): 4922-4929, 2021.
Article in Chinese | WPRIM | ID: wpr-921628

ABSTRACT

The pharmacology of Chinese medicine is an academic discipline that studies the interaction between Chinese medicine and organism(including pathogens) by modern science and technology under the guidance of traditional Chinese medicine(TCM) theories. However, the pharmacology of Chinese medicine is mainly guided by the theories, techniques, and methods of modern medicine in the development, and TCM theories have been ignored to a certain extent, which does not conform to the action characteristics of Chinese medicine in essence. Since systematic research ideas, strategies, methods, and technologies that conform to the characteristics of TCM have not been established, it is unable to reveal the scientific connotation of TCM in the prevention and treatment of diseases. Therefore, according to the trend of the modern development of TCM and the research status of pharmacology of Chinese medicine, this study put forward the concept of pharmacology of combination of disease and syndrome and expounded the relevant background, content, methods, and significance of this concept. It is expected to improve the standardization of pharmacology of combination of disease and syndrome, guide the safe medication, provide new references for the scientific development of pharmacology of Chinese medicine, and promote the development of the modernization of Chinese medicine.


Subject(s)
Humans , Drugs, Chinese Herbal , Medicine, Chinese Traditional , Social Change , Syndrome
15.
Chinese Journal of Experimental Traditional Medical Formulae ; (24): 244-250, 2021.
Article in Chinese | WPRIM | ID: wpr-906323

ABSTRACT

This paper collated the western medicine and traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) diagnostic criteria of pulmonary fibrosis (PF) based on its clinical characteristics and relevant literature reports and summarized the inductive agents, methods, objects, and mechanisms for replicating the PF animal models as well as their respective advantages and disadvantages. By analyzing the consistency of symptoms among successfully modeled animal models with the clinical characteristics in TCM and western medicine, we found that the intratracheal injection of bleomycin was the most frequently employed method for modeling, and the resulting outcomes were very similar to clinical characteristics in TCM and Western Medicine. Besides, considering the time-saving process, high stability, good repeatability, and low cost, such method was suitable for the rapid screening of drugs. The second preferred method was intraperitoneal injection of paraquat, which exhibited the advantages of high degree of consistency with clinical characteristics of PF caused by paraquat poisoning, low cost, high success rate, and easy operation, which allowed it to be suitable for exploring the mechanism of paraquat poisoning and developing the antidotes. The existing PF animal models shared a fairly high degree of consistency in symptoms with patients diagnosed as having PF in western medicine. However, the criteria for TCM syndrome differentiation remained unclear, and the animal models failed to reflect TCM pathogenesis. It is necessary to establish more accurate TCM diagnostic criteria that focus on syndrome differentiation and reveal TCM etiology and pathogenesis and carry out more experiments concerning TCM syndromes of PF in the future, so as to better treat PF with integrated TCM and Western Medicine.

16.
Chinese Journal of Experimental Traditional Medical Formulae ; (24): 235-240, 2021.
Article in Chinese | WPRIM | ID: wpr-906196

ABSTRACT

Based on the clinical characteristics of thromboembolic vasculitis, the diagnostic criteria in western medicine and the dialectical standard in traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) were analyzed and established by consulting relevant literature, and the modeling method, modeling objects as well as modeling advantages and disadvantages for the animal models of thromboembolic vasculitis were summarized in this paper. By analyzing its coincidence with the characteristics of clinical symptoms in traditional Chinese and western medicine, it was found that the animal model of thromboembolic vasculitis had a higher degree of coincidence with the clinical symptoms in western medicine, as well as cold and dampness blocking collaterals syndrome and heat toxin injury yin syndrome in TCM, but lower degree of coincidence with damp-heat toxin syndrome and Qi-blood deficiency syndrome. There is no animal model consistent with blood stasis syndrome. The pathological and hemorheological indexes (blood viscosity, erythrocyte sedimentation rate) were the most common indexes. Compared with a large number of cases reported in clinical treatment of thromboangiitis obliterans, the experimental research was relatively weak. It is the focus of future research to establish a reasonable model to judge the quantitative standard, and to establish the animal model with higher coincidence degree with TCM syndrome.

17.
China Journal of Chinese Materia Medica ; (24): 782-785, 2021.
Article in Chinese | WPRIM | ID: wpr-878937

ABSTRACT

Based on the characteristics of clinical symptoms of chronic skin ulcers in traditional Chinese and Western medicine, the current animal models of skin ulcers are summarized. This article analyzes the advantages and disadvantages of animal models according to the etiology and pathogenesis of chronic skin ulcers, traditional Chinese and Western medicine diagnostic criteria and observation indicators, and eva-luates the agreement between the existing animal models and the characteristics of clinical syndromes of traditional Chinese and Western medicine for chronic skin ulcers. Through analysis and comparison, it is found that most of the existing modeling methods are single-factor animal models, and there are certain gaps in the physiological and pathological characteristics of chronic skin ulcers caused by clinical multi-factors and interactions. Most of the modeling methods are guided by Western medicine. The lack of pathogenic factors of traditional Chinese medicine(TCM) in the process of modeling. Therefore, this article proposes to establish a reasonable quantification standard for chronic skin ulcer animal models, and to establish a combination model of chronic skin ulcer disease with traditional Chinese and Western medicine as the focus of future animal model research.


Subject(s)
Animals , China , Drugs, Chinese Herbal , Medicine , Medicine, Chinese Traditional , Skin Ulcer/drug therapy , Syndrome
18.
China Journal of Chinese Materia Medica ; (24): 2004-2009, 2021.
Article in Chinese | WPRIM | ID: wpr-879122

ABSTRACT

Classic prescriptions, hospital preparations and famous traditional Chinese medicine(TCM) experience prescriptions are the main sources of new drug development and innovation. The multi-components and multi-targets treatment characteristics of TCM are advantages, but at the same time, broad indications, unclear clinical positioning and lack of evidence-based evidence support are the key problems affecting the play of TCM efficacy and restricting its promotion and application. The hot in recent research was to how to break through the bottleneck, precise clinical positioning, highlight the advantages of the classic TCM prescriptions, and complete the transformation from clinical practice, clinical research to clinical evidence, but at the same time, it is also the difficulty. The clinical research model of the combination of disease and syndrome can fully reflect the ancient medical case evidence of classic TCM prescriptions, the historical experience of human used and the characteristics of syndrome differentiation and treatment, and highlight the advantages of Chinese medicine. At the same time, under the modern disease classification system and research mode, is conducive to established the standardized clinical evidence report and evaluation system, is conducive to promote the integration of clinical research evidence, and avoids excessive attenuation of information. Based on the previous work of our team, the intention of this study was to make a comment about the key points of the post-marketing evaluation of the classic TCM prescriptions under the combination of disease and syndrome and includes key points:(1)With the syndrome as the carrier, connected with the classical prescription and clinical diseases, focused on the clinical positioning on macroscopically.(2)The combination of syndrome visualization, standardization and pharmacological molecular basis, focus on clinical precise positioning in microscopic.(3)Innovating therapeutic effect evaluation methods, reflecting the curative effect characteristics based on syndrome differentiation.(4)The combination of "randomized controlled evidence-based studies" and "real world evidence-based evaluation", focusing on clinical advantages, fully evidence-based evidence.(5)Make full use of clinical registration studies and pay attention to safety.


Subject(s)
Humans , Drugs, Chinese Herbal/therapeutic use , Marketing , Medicine, Chinese Traditional , Prescriptions , Reference Standards
19.
China Journal of Orthopaedics and Traumatology ; (12): 178-180, 2020.
Article in Chinese | WPRIM | ID: wpr-792972

ABSTRACT

OBJECTIVE@#To establish a simple and reliable model of cervical vertigo in rats with hyperactivity of liver-yang syndrome, and to establish a simple and feasible method for evaluating the degree of vertigo in animals.@*METHODS@#SPF male SD rats (aged 8 weeks, weighing 280 to 320 g) were randomly divided into 4 groups (6 rats in each group). The model of cervical vertigo of hyperactivity of liver yang syndrome (joint modeling group) was established by combining local injection of lauromacrogol (hardener) and receiving decoction by gavage. The joint modeling group was compared with the hardener group, the decoction group and the blank control group. The vertigo degree of rats was measured by the time of passing through a glass tube (running time) before modeling, 2 weeks and 3 weeks after the established model.@*RESULTS@#There was no statistical difference in the running time between control group and decoction group, between joint modeling group and hardener group. The running time in the hardener group and the joint modeling group was longer than that in the control group (0.05).@*CONCLUSION@#This method can effectively establish a rat model of cervical vertigo with hyperactivity of liver-yang syndrome, and the running time can reflect the degree of vertigo in rats to a certain extent. This experiment provides a simple and feasible animal model and detection method for research of cervical vertigo in the future.

20.
Chinese Journal of Experimental Traditional Medical Formulae ; (24): 1-7, 2020.
Article in Chinese | WPRIM | ID: wpr-873177

ABSTRACT

Objective:To study the therapeutic effect of Jinchai Kangbingdu capsule based on human coronavirus pneumonia with 'Hanshi Yidu Xifei' syndrome model, in order to provide experimental basis for evaluating its effect in preventing and treating coronavirus infection. Method:The 48 Balb/c mice were randomly divided into normal group, virus infection group, cold-dampness group, cold-dampness epidemic toxin lung syndrome model group, and high and low-dose Jinchai Kangbingdu capsule groups (1.76, 0.88 g·kg-1·d-1). A cold-dampness stimulation combined with human coronavirus 229E infection was used to imitate human coronavirus pneumonia with 'Hanshi Yidu Xifei' syndrome model. Behavioral characteristics, lung index, viral load, and lung tissue pathological changes in Balb/c mice were observed to evaluate the therapeutic effect of Jinchai Kangbingdu capsules. The contents of interleukin-6(IL-6),IL-10,tumor necrosis factor-α(TNF-α),interferon-γ(IFN-γ) in lung tissue and motilin(MTL),gastrin(GAS) in serum were detected by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay(ELISA), and the contents of CD4+ T cells, CD8 + T cells, and B cells in peripheral blood were detected by flow cytometry. Result:Compared with the cold-dampness epidemic toxin lung syndrome model group, Jinchai Kangbingdu capsule can increase the activity and response ability of 'Hanshi Yidu Xifei' syndrome model mice, and change the skin and stool status of mice. High and low-dose Jinchai Kangbingdu capsule groups can significantly reduce the lung index (P<0.01), while significantly increased the content of CD4+ T cells, CD8+ T cells, and B cells (P<0.05, P<0.01). Low-dose Jinchai Kangbingdu capsule group could significantly decrease the MTL content in serum and the levels of IL-6, IL-10, TNF-α, IFN-γ in lung tissue (P<0.01), whereas alleviate the pathological damage of lung tissue. Conclusion:Jinchai Kangbingdu capsule showed a therapeutic effect on human coronavirus pneumonia with 'Hanshi Yidu Xifei' syndrome model, and can improve the behavioral characterization and gastrointestinal index level of cold-dampness syndrome, while reduce lung index and viral load in lung tissue. The mechanism may be related to the decrease of the content of inflammatory factors and the increase of the number of lymphocytes.

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